Quran, Science and Islamic Golden Age with Top 20 list of Muslim Scientist in History

Qur'an, Science and Islamic Golden Age a simple article with list of Top 20 Muslim Scientist in History

In the history of science, science in the Muslim world refers to the science developed under Islamic civilization between the 8th and 16th centuries,during what is known as the Islamic Golden Age.

From an Islamic standpoint, science, the study of nature, is considered to be linked to the concept of Tawhid (the Oneness of God), as are all other branches of knowledge. In Islam, nature is not seen as a separate entity, but rather as an integral part of Islam’s holistic outlook on God, humanity, and the world.
This link implies a sacred aspect to the pursuit of scientific knowledge by Muslims, as nature itself is viewed in the Qur'an as a compilation of signs pointing to the Divine. It was with this understanding that the pursuit of science was tolerated in Islamic civilizations, specifically during the eighth to sixteenth centuries, prior to the colonization of the Muslim world. According to theoretical physicist Jim Al-Khalili, the modern scientific method was pioneered by Arab scientist Ibn Al-Haytham (known to the west as “Alhazen”) whose contributions are likened to those of Isaac Newton. Alhazen helped shift the emphasis on abstract theorizing onto systematic and repeatable experimentation, followed by careful criticism of premises and inferences. Robert Briffault, in The Making of Humanity, asserts that the very existence of science, as it is understood in the modern sense, is rooted in the scientific thought and knowledge that emerged in Islamic civilizations during this time.Muslim scientists and scholars have subsequently developed a spectrum of viewpoints on the place of scientific learning within the context of Islam, none of which are universally accepted. However, most maintain the view that the acquisition of knowledge and scientific pursuit in general is not in disaccord with Islamic thought and religious belief. Physicist Taner Edis argues this is because some Muslims are reading into the metaphorical language of the Holy books what is not there, including recent scientific discoveries.

The increased use of dissection in Islamic medicine during the 12th and 13th centuries was influenced by the writings of the Islamic theologian, Al-Ghazali, who encouraged the study of anatomy and use of dissections as a method of gaining knowledge of God's creation. In al-Bukhari's and Muslim's collection of sahih hadith it is said: "There is no disease that Allah has created, except that He also has created its treatment." (Bukhari 7-71:582). This culminated in the work of Ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288), who discovered the pulmonary circulation in 1242 and used his discovery as evidence for the orthodox Islamic doctrine of bodily resurrection.

In Quran, there are 6666 verse said by Allah through Prophet Muhammad PBUH(Massenger of Islam). Qur'an is a Book of "Signs" of truth and there are 1000 verse about "Science". Those are the proves of Islam.

The belief that the Qur'an had prophesied scientific theories and discoveries has become a strong and widespread belief in the contemporary Islamic world; these prophecies are often offered as evidence of the divine origin of the Qur'an.

Muslims are also known as "The Father of Science" and Islam is known as "The Father of Scientist" because of there contribution to Classical Science.

Top 20 Old Muslim Scientist:

(1) Jābir ibn Hayyān (Geber), Father of chemistry

(2) Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī, pioneer of reaction time, pioneer of experimental mechanics, Father of geodesy, considered the first geologist and "first anthropologist", Father of Indology

(3) Muhammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī (Algorismi), Father of Algebra and Algorithms, (Mathematics)

(4) Abū al-Hasan ibn Alī al-Qalasādī (1412–1482), pioneer of symbolic algebra

(5) Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen/Alhazen), founder of experimental psychology, psychophysics, phenomenology and visual

perception, pioneer of eye surgery, 11th century Iraqi scientist, Father of optics, pioneer of scientific method and

experimental physics, considered the "first scientist"

(6) Ja'far ibn Muhammad Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi (Albumasar)

(7) Banū Mūsā (Ben Mousa)

• Ja'far Muhammad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir

• Ahmad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir

• Al-Hasan ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir

(8) Muhammad ibn Jābir al-Harrānī al-Battānī (Albatenius)

(9) Abū Ishāq Ibrāhīm al-Zarqālī (Arzachel)

(10) Ibn Bajjah (Avempace)

(11) Al-Ghazali (Algazel), Economist

(12) Ja'far ibn Muhammad Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi (Albumasar)

(13) Ibn Sina(Avicenna), Father of Modern Medicine, Founder of Unani medicine, pioneer of experimental medicine, evidence-based medicine, pharmaceutical sciences, clinical pharmacology, aromatherapy, pulsology and sphygmology, and also a philosopher, pioneer of neuropsychiatry, thought experiment, self-awareness and self-consciousness, Economist

(14) Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar), Father of experimental surgery, Pioneer of neurology, neuropharmacology pioneer of experimental anatomy, experimental physiology, human dissection, autopsy and tracheotomy

(15) Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis) - Father of modern surgery, and pioneer of neurosurgery, craniotomy, hematology and dental surgery

(16) Ibn al-Nafis (1213–1288), Father of circulatory physiology, pioneer of circulatory anatomy, and founder of

Nafisian anatomy, physiology, pulsology and sphygmology

(17) Muhammad B. Yunus, the "Father of our modern view of fibromyalgia"

(18) Munir Ahmad Khan, Father of nuclear program

(19) Ibn Khaldun, Father of Economics

(20) Al-Jazari, 13th century civil engineer, Father of robotics